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Kenneth Todor, Ph.D.

Draw a typical bacterial cell in Vayk Haas University of Wisconsin-Madison

prokaryotycheskyh structural components consist of

macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, polysaccharides, phospholipids, or

combination of them. Macromolecules consist of primary units, such as

nucleotides, amino acids

(Table 1). This

order in which units

confined together in macromolecules called

primary structure

which determines many properties that macromolecule

will. Thus, the genetic code is determined by specific nuleotide

base sequence in chromosomal DNA, the sequence of amino acids in protein

defines the properties and functions of proteins and sequence

Sugar bacterial lipopolysaccharide determines a unique cell wall

properties of pathogenic microorganisms. Primary structure of macromolecules

will maintain its function, and differences in primary structure

biological macromolecules have a huge variety of life. Table 1. Macromolecules

, make up cellular material

prokaryotycheskyh Mobile Architecture At one time it was

thought

bacteria and other prokaryotes are mostly "bags of enzymes" without

typical cell

architecture. Development

electron microscope in the 1950s, showed

different anatomical features of bacteria and confirmed the suspicion >> << that they had no

nuclear membrane. Prokaryotes are cells

relatively simple design, especially compared to eukaryotes. While

eukaryotic cells have the advantage of organelles with separate functions of cellular

,

prokaryotes perform all cellular functions as separate units. Prokaryotes

cell has five main structural components: nukleoydom (DNA), ribosomes

,

cell membrane

,

cell wall, and some kind in the surface layer which

may or may not be an integral part of the wall. Structural

have three architectural regions: appendages

(application to the cell surface >> <<)

as flagella and drink (or fimbriy) cells

shell consisting of a capsule

cell wall and plasma membrane

and cytoplasmic region that contains the cell chromosomes (DNA) and ribosomes and various inclusions (Fig. 1). Figure 1. Section drawing of a typical bacterial cell

illustrate the structural components. See. Table 2 below

on the chemical composition and functions of labeled components. Table

2. A summary of the characteristics of typical bacterial

cell structures Figure 2. Electron photomicrographs

ultra-slim cut pair distribution streptococcus group A

(20000 X). Fimbriy surface cells (fibers) is

obvious. Bacterial cell wall is

regarded as an area light coloring between the fibers and dark color

cell interior. The distribution of cells in the process of new states >> << partitions formed between the two centers and margins in the cell wall

cell equator. Streptococcal cell diameter is about one micron

. Electron photomicrographs

pyogenes Streptococcus by

Mary facies and Vincent A. Fishetti, candidate with his permission. Rockefeller << >> University. Kenneth Todor, Ph.D. All rights reserved. - WWW. textbookofbacteriology. Net >>. <<